Therapeutic Classification of Drugs
Abortifacient:-
Prostaglandin
analogues,
such as misoprostol or gemeprost (both synthetic prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) analogues), are
often used to terminate pregnancy up to 24 or
60 days of gestation, in
combination with mifepristone (a progesterone receptor antagonist) or methotrexate (an antifolate). Misoprostol
administered vaginally is more effective than when administered orally. Misoprostol is approved in France
under the trade name GyMiso for use with mifepristone for medical abortion. Misoprostol is used off-label with mifepristone for
medical abortion in the U.S. Dinoprostone, given by the extra-amniotic
route,
can be used for late abortion (second trimester).
Mifepristone is a progesterone receptor antagonist also known as RU-486.
It is marketed under the trade name Mifegyne in France and countries other than
the U.S., and under the trade name Mifeprex in the U.S. It is used in
conjunction with a prostaglandin analogue.
Misoprostol alone is sometimes used for self-induced
abortion in Latin American countries where legal
abortion is not available, and by some people in the United States who cannot afford a
legal abortion.
Cervical Ripening:-
To increase the
success of inductions, many care providers are attempting to ripen the cervix
prior to induction with Pitocin. Ripening refers to the softening of the cervix
- a process that involves the cervix progressing from a firm and closed opening
to a softened, effaced (thinned) and often dilated opening. Cervical ripening
is achieved in part by the presence of a hormone called prostaglandin,
specifically PGE2 which is produced by the cervix. The Bishop Score is used to
assess the condition of the cervix in relationship to induction success.
An ACE
inhibitor (or angiotensin-converting-enzyme
inhibitor) is a pharmaceutical drug used primarily for the treatment ofhypertension and congestive heart failure.
Benazepril5mg,
10mg, 20mg, 40mgTablet
Captopril12.5mg,
25mg, 50mg, 100mgTablet
Enalapril2.5mg,
5mg, 10mg, 20mgTablet
Fosinopril10mg,
20mgTablets
Lisinopril2.5mg,
5mg, 10mg, 20mg, 40mgTablet
Moexipril
HCl Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets7.5mg/12.5mg, 15mg/12.5mg &
15mg/25mgTablet
Quinapril5mg,
10mg, 20mg, 40mgTablet
Ramipril1.25mg, 2.5mg, 5mg, 10mgCapsule
Gastric acid is a digestive fluid,
formed in the stomach. It has a pH of 1-2 and is
composed of hydrochloric
acid (HCl) (around 0.5%, or 5000 parts
per million)
as high as 0.1 M,[1]and large quantities
of potassium chloride (KCl) and sodium
chloride (NaCl). The acid
plays a key role in digestion of proteins, by activating digestive
enzymes,
and making ingested proteins unravel so that digestive enzymes break down the
long chains of amino
acids.
Gastric acid is produced by cells lining the
stomach, which are coupled to systems to increase acid production when needed.
Other cells in the stomach produce bicarbonate, a base, to buffer the fluid, ensuring
that it does not become too acidic. These cells also produce mucus, which forms a
viscous physical barrier to prevent gastric acid from damaging the stomach.
Cells in the beginning of the small intestine, or duodenum, further produce
large amounts of bicarbonate to completely neutralize any gastric acid that
passes further down into the digestive tract.
Gastric acid is produced by parietal
cells (also called oxyntic cells) in the
stomach. Its secretion is a complex and relatively energetically expensive
process. Parietal cells contain an extensive secretory network (called canaliculi) from which the gastric acid is
secreted into the lumen of the stomach. These
cells are part of epithelial fundic
glands in the gastric
mucosa.
The pH of gastric acid is
1.5 to 3.5 [2] in the human stomach
lumen, the acidity being maintained by the proton
pump H+/K+ ATPase. The parietal cell
releases bicarbonateinto the blood stream
in the process, which causes a temporary rise of pH in the blood, known as alkaline
tide.
The resulting highly acidic environment in
the stomach lumen causes proteins from food to lose
their characteristic folded structure (or denature). This exposes the protein's peptide
bonds.
The chief
cells of the stomach secrete enzymes for
protein breakdown (inactive pepsinogen and rennin). Hydrochloric
acid activates pepsinogen into the enzyme pepsin, which then helps
digestion by breaking the bonds linking amino
acids,
a process known as proteolysis. In addition, many microorganisms have their growth
inhibited by such an acidic environment, which is helpful to prevent infection.
Calcium250,
500mgTablet
An anti-mineralocorticoid,
or an aldosterone antagonist,
refers to a diuretic drug which antagonizes the action of aldosterone atmineralocorticoid
receptors. This group of drugs is often used as adjunctive therapy, in
combination with other drugs, for the management of chronic heart failure. Spironolactone, the first member of the
class, is also used in the management of hyperaldosteronism (includingConn's syndrome) and female hirsutism.
An amebicide (or amoebicide)
is an agent used in the treatment of amoebozoa infections.[1][2] Among these agents
are the following, linked to the infections they are used to treat:
Although Naegleria is sometimes
considered amoeboid, it is not closely
related to the Amoebozoa (it is much more closely related to Trypanosoma), and agents used to
treatNaegleria infections
(such as Amphotericin
B)
are usually addressed separately.
Amino acids are biologically important organic compounds composed of amine (-NH2) andcarboxylic acid (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side-chain specific
to each amino acid.
The key elements of an amino acid arecarbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
and nitrogen, though other elements are found in the
side-chains of certain amino acids. About 500 amino acids are known[1] and can be classified in many ways.
Structurally they can be classified according to the functional groups'
locations as alpha- (α-), beta- (β-), gamma- (γ-) or
delta- (δ-) amino
acids; other categories relate to polarity, pH level, and side chain group type (aliphatic,acyclic, aromatic, containing hydroxyl or sulfur,
etc.) In the form of proteins, amino acids comprise the second
largest component (afterwater) of human muscles, cells and
other tissues.[2] Outside proteins, amino acids perform
critical roles in processes such asneurotransmitter transport
and biosynthesis.
Anabolic steroids, technically known as anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), are drugs that are
structuraly related to the cyclic steroid ring
system and have similar effects totestosterone in
the body. They increase protein within cells, especially in skeletal muscles. Anabolic steroids also
have androgenic and virilizing properties,
including the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics
such as the growth of the vocal cords, testicles (primary sexual
characteristics) and body hair (secondary sexual characteristics). The word anabolic comes from the Greek ἀναβολή anabole, "that which is thrown
up, mound", and the word androgenic from the Greek ἀνδρός andros, "of a man" +
-γενής -genes,
"born".
An analeptic,
in medicine, is a central nervous system stimulant medication. The term analeptic may also refer specifically to a
respiratory analeptic (for example, doxapram), a drug that acts
on the central nervous system to stimulate the breathing muscles, improving
respiration.[1]
Historically, the term has referred to
"a restorative, or remedies proper to restore the body, when wasted or
emaciated by disease or hunger
Acetaminophen
and Hydrocodone Bitartrate7.5 mg/500 mg per 15 mLOral Solution
Acetaminophen
and Oxycodone5mg/325mg, 7.5/325mg, 7.5/500mg, 10/325mg,
10/650mgTablets
Acetaminophen
and Propoxyphene50 mg, 100mgTablets
Alfentanil
Hydrochloride Injection500 mcg.Injection
Aspirin
and Codeine325mg/30mg., 325mg/60mgTablets
Aspirin
and OxycodoneTablets
Capsaicin179mg/patchPatch
Fenoprofen200
mg and 400 mgCapsules
Levorphanol1
mL, 2mg/mL, 2mgInjection, Solution and Tablet
Lomoxicam4mg, 8mgTablet
Mecobalamin500mcg,
1000mcg, 1500mcgTablets
Nalbuphine10mg/1amp,
20mg/1ampInjection
Pentazocine
and Naloxone50mg/0.5mgTablet
Phenazopyridine100mg,
200mgTablet
Phenylbutazone100mgTablet
Remifentanil1mg/3ml,
2mg/5ml, 5mg/10mlInjection
Tapentadol50mg,
75mg, 100mgTablets
Anti-Migraine Agents
Narcotic Partial Agonist
Narcotics
Non- Opioid
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents
NSAID
Opiod
Opioid Agonist-
Opioid Agonist-Antagonist Analgesic
Opioid Analgesic
Salicylates
The angiotensin receptor
blockers (ARBs),
also called angiotensin (AT1) receptor antagonists or sartans, are a group of antihypertensive drugs
that act by blocking the effects of thehormone angiotensin II (Ang
II) in the body, thereby lowering blood pressure. Their structure is similar
to Ang II and they bind to Ang II receptors as inhibitors, e.g., [T24 from Rhys
Healthcare].
Candesartan4mg,
8mg, 16mg, 32mgTablet
Eprosartan400
mgTablet
Irbesartan75
mg, 150 mg and 300 mgTablet
Losartan25mg,
50mg, 100mgTablet
Anorectal disorders are painful but
common conditions like hemorrhoids, tears, fistulas, or abscesses that affect the anal region.[1][2] Most people
experience some form of anorectal disorder during their lifetime.[3] Primary care physicians can treat most of these disorders,[1] however, high-risk
individuals include those with HIV, roughly half of whom need surgery to remedy the disorders.
Benzphetamine50mgTablets
Hydrocortisone0.5%
or 1%Cream
Hydrocortisone100mgEnema
Hydrocortisone Acetate 25mgSuppository
Mesalamine(Mesalazine)4gm/60mlEnema
an agent that diminishes or controls the appetite
Phendimetrazine
Tartrate35mgTablets
Omeprazole
and Sodium Bicarbonate20mg, 40mgCapsules
An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity., 'Antiulcer drugs are a
class of drugs, exclusive of the antibacterial agents, used to treat ulcers in
the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine.
Proton—Pump Inhibitor
an antiadrenergic agent. These drugs block the response to
norepinephrine bound to alpha receptors and reduce the tonus of smooth muscle
in peripheral blood vessels, causing increased peripheral circulation and
decreased blood pressure. Alpha1-blocking agents include ergotamine derivatives,
phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, and tolazoline hydrochloride; they are used to
treat conditions such as migraines, Raynaud's disease, pheochromocytoma,
diabetic gangrene, and spastic vascular disease. Beta1-blocking
agents decrease the rate and force of heart contractions and are administered
for hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias; propranolol hydrochloride and its
congeners are examples. Also calledsympatholytic. Compare adrenergic, anticholinergic.
Clonidine0.1mg/24hrs,
0.2mg/24hrs, 0.3mg/24hrsPatch
Clonidine0.1mg,
0.2mg, 0.3mgTablet
Doxazosin1mg,
2mg, 4mg, 8mgTablet
Guanethidine
Monosulfate25mgTablet
Phenoxybenzamine10mgCapsule
Prazosin1mg,
2mg, 5mgCapsule
Alzheimer's
disease develops differently for every individual, there are many common
symptoms
Early symptoms are often
mistakenly thought to be 'age-related' concerns, or manifestations of stress
In
the early stages, the most common symptom is difficulty in remembering recent
events. When AD is suspected, the diagnosis is usually confirmed with tests
that evaluate behaviour and thinking abilities, often followed by a brain scan if
available, however, examination of brain tissue is
required for a definitive diagnosis. As the disease advances, symptoms can
include confusion, irritability, aggression, mood swings, trouble with language, and long-term memory loss.
As the sufferer declines they often withdraw from family and society Gradually, bodily functions are lost,
ultimately leading to death. Since
the disease is different for each individual, predicting how it will affect the person is difficult. AD develops for
an unknown and variable amount of time before becoming fully apparent, and it
can progress undiagnosed for years. On average, the life expectancy following
diagnosis is approximately seven years Fewer
than three percent of individuals live more than fourteen years after
diagnosis.
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor.
Cholinesterase Inhibitor
Asthma (from the Greek
ἅσθμα, ásthma,
"panting") is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by
variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction and bronchospasm Common symptoms
include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness,
and shortness of breath.
Asthma is thought to be caused by a
combination of genetic and environmental factors. Its diagnosis is usually based on
the pattern of symptoms, response to therapy over time and spirometry. It is clinically classified according
to the frequency of symptoms, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate Asthma may also be
classified as atopic (extrinsic) or
non-atopic (intrinsic) where
atopy refers to a predisposition toward developing type 1 hypersensitivity reactions.
Anti-Inflammatory Agent
Bronchodilator
Corticosteroids
Leukotriene Inhibitors
Mast Cell Stabilizer
Mast Cell Stabilizers
Miscellaneous Anti-Asthmatics
Sympathomimetics
Xanthine Derivatives
Broad-Spectrum Quinoline Antibacterial
Fluoroquinolone
Antibacterial and agents that loosen or remove
the horny outer layer of the skin.
Gout is a form of acute arthritis that causes severe pain and
swelling in the joints. It most commonly affects the big toe, but may also
affect the heel, ankle, hand, wrist, or elbow. It affects the spine often
enough to be a factor in back pain. Gout usually comes on suddenly, goes away
after 5-10 days, and can keep recurring. Gout is different from other forms of
arthritis because it occurs when there are high levels of uric acid circulating
in the blood, which can cause urate crystals to settle in the tissues of the
joints.
Sulfonamide-Derived Uricosuric
Hepatitis C is a form of liver inflammation that
causes primarily a long-lasting (chronic) disease. Acute (newly developed)
hepatitis C is rarely observed as the early disease is generally quite mild.
Spread mainly by contact with infected blood, the hepatitis C virus (HCV)
causes most cases of viral liver infection not due to the A and B hepatitis
viruses. In fact, before other viral types were found, hepatitis C was referred
to as "non-A, non-B hepatitis." It is not a new infection, just newly
diagnosable and has been widely present in the U.S. population for decades
Generic Name(S)StrengthDosage FormICD Code
Adefovir
dipivoxil10mgTabletY41.5
Adefovir
dipivoxil10mg, 20mgTabletY41.5
Interferon Alfa 2A3mu, 6mu, 9mu, 18mu, 36mu/vialVialY41.5
Interferon Alfa-2b/Ribavirin3mu+600mg, 1000mg, 1200mgVial + CapY41.5
Interferon
Alfacon-19mcg, 15mcg/vialVial, SyringeY41.5
Interferon
Alpha- Two B3mu, 5mu, 10mu, 18mu, 25mu, 50mu/vialVialY41.5
Interferon
Alpha- Two B10 million IU per vial, 18 million IU per vial, 50
million IU per vialInjectionY41.5
Lamivudine150mg,
300mgTabletY41.5
Lamivudine100mgTabletY41.5
Lamivudine25mg/5mlSolutionY41.5
Peginterferon Alfa-2b100mcg, 160mcg, 240mcg, 300mcgKitY41.5
Reducing or controlling high blood pressure.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist And Thiazide Diuretic
Beta Blockers
Beta-Blocker And Diuretic
Calcium Channel Blocker
Combinations
Direct Renin Inhibitor
Peripheral Vasodilator
Quinolone Vasodialator
Renin Inhibitor, Calcium Channel Blocker, And Thiazide Diuretic
Any of a class of drugs that cause vasodilation
and are used to treat hypertension and heart failure
Reducing or controlling high blood pressure.
Capable of preventing or counteracting infection: an
anti-infective agent.and, a medicine intended to reduce
inflammation
Acetic Acid/HC2%/1%SolutionY41.8
Capable of preventing or counteracting infection: an anti-infective agent.
Generic Name(S)StrengthDosage FormICD CodeAcetic AcidSolutionY41.9
Ampicillin/Sulbactam1VialInjectionY41.0
Bacitracin500u/gmOintmentY41.8
Bacitracin/Neomycin/Polymyxin-B400u/3.5mg/10,000u/gmOintmentY41.8
Bacitracin/Polymyxin-B500u/10,000u/gmOintmentY41.8
Carbenicillin382mgTabletsY41.8
Chloramphenicol10mg/1%OintmentY40.2
Chloramphenicol5mg/mlSolutionY40.2
Ciprofloxacin5ml
and 10ml pack, 3.5 gmDrops, OintmentY41.8
Ciprofloxacin
and Tinidazole600mg/500mgTabletY41.8
Clindamycin
and Tretinoin2gm, 30gm, 60gm/1.2%,0.025%GelY41.8
Co-trimoxazoleTablets,
SuspensionY41.8
Erythromycin5mg/gmOintmentY41.8
Gentamicin3mg/mlSolutionY41.8
Gentamicin3mg/gmOintmentY41.8
Gramicidin/Neomycin/Polymyxin-B0.025mg/1.75mg/10,000u/mlSolutionY41.8
Imipenem
and Cilastatin500mg/500mg/Vial, 750mg/750mg/VialInjectionY41.8
Methenamine Mandelate500mg, 1gmTabletY41.8
Moxifloxacin4ml/0.5%DropsY41.8
Nafcillin
Sodium1gram/ 50 mL, 2grams/100 mLInjectionY41.8
Norfloxacin100mg,
400mg, 100mg/5ml, 0.3%/1mlTablet, Drops, SuspensionY41.8
Quinupristin
and Dalfopristin500mg VialInjectionY41.8
Sulfacetamide3.5gm/10%OintmentY41.8
Sulfacetamide10%, 15%, 30%SolutionY41.8
Sulfisoxazole500mgTabletY41.8
Ticarcillin3gm/VialInjectionY41.8
Tobramycin3mg/0.3%OintmentY41.8
Tobramycin Sulfate5mlSolutionY41.8
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole80mg/400mg, 160mg/800mgTabletY41.8
NSAIDs
High Potency
Low Potency
Medium Potency
Ultra High Potency
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